Iran Country Facts
Land of ancient empires, poetic legends, desert landscapes, and Persian brilliance.
Quick Country Facts
| Field | Detail |
|---|---|
| Country Name | Islamic Republic of Iran |
| Capital | Tehran |
| Continent | Asia (Middle East) |
| Population | ~89 million (Rank: ~17th globally) |
| Official Language | Persian (Farsi) |
| Currency | Iranian Rial (IRR) |
| Time Zone | GMT +3:30 (Standard), +4:30 (DST) |
| Calling Code | +98 |
Short Fact: Iran – Home of the Persian Empire and Cultural Splendor
Iran is a country with more than 2,500 years of continuous civilization, known for its Persian heritage, rich literature, and impressive architectural wonders.
Long Fact: Iran – The Historic Heart of Persian Civilization
Iran, formerly known as Persia, is a country located in the Middle East, at the crossroads of Western Asia and Central Asia. It has one of the oldest civilizations in the world, with a cultural and political history stretching back to the Achaemenid Empire (550 BCE).
The capital city, Tehran, is a bustling metropolis and the political and economic hub of the country. However, Iran’s true essence lies in its historical cities, such as Shiraz, Isfahan, Yazd, and Persepolis — once the glorious capital of ancient Persia.
Iran is known for its contributions to science, art, medicine, and poetry. Great minds like Omar Khayyam, Rumi, and Avicenna shaped global knowledge and literature.
Architecturally, Iran dazzles with its Persian domes, intricate tilework, mosques, and gardens. Famous landmarks include the Nasir al-Mulk Mosque (Pink Mosque), the Shah Mosque, and the Golestan Palace. The ruins of Persepolis, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, are a testimony to the grandeur of the Achaemenid Empire.
Iran’s geography is equally diverse — with rugged mountains, salt deserts, lush forests, and access to Caspian Sea and Persian Gulf coastlines. The Dasht-e Lut Desert, one of the hottest places on Earth, sits in southeast Iran.
Though Iran is often seen through the lens of politics, the hospitality of Iranian people, their deep cultural pride, and culinary traditions offer a different narrative. Iranian dishes like kebab, ghormeh sabzi, tahdig, and fesenjan reflect centuries of rich flavors and family heritage.
Iran is a predominantly Muslim country, following Shia Islam, and has a unique political-religious system, blending a theocracy with elements of republic governance.
Despite facing global sanctions and internal challenges, Iran remains a strong regional power with a vibrant youth population, rich natural resources, and strategic geopolitical location.
FAQ: Frequently Asked Questions About Iran
Q1. Is Iran the same as Persia?
Ans: Yes, Iran was known as Persia until 1935 when it officially changed its name.
Q2. What is the capital of Iran?
Ans: The capital of Iran is Tehran.
Q3. What is Iran famous for?
Ans: Iran is famous for ancient Persian history, poetry, architecture, carpets, and hospitality.
Q4. Is Iran safe for tourists?
Ans: Many tourists find Iran safe and welcoming, especially outside political concerns.
Q5. What language is spoken in Iran?
Ans: Persian (Farsi) is the official and most widely spoken language.
Q6. What religion is practiced in Iran?
Ans: The majority practice Twelver Shia Islam.
Q7. What are the major cities of Iran?
Ans: Tehran, Isfahan, Shiraz, Mashhad, and Tabriz are some key cities.
Q8. What is Iran’s population?
Ans: Around 89 million people live in Iran.
Q9. Does Iran have deserts?
Ans: Yes, Iran has large desert regions like Dasht-e Kavir and Dasht-e Lut.
Q10. What is Iran’s economy based on?
Ans: Iran’s economy is based on oil & gas, agriculture, manufacturing, and services.